7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol: A Deep Dive

Historical Development

Chemistry has chased molecular modifications through the decades, and 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol grew out of a desire for new thiepin derivatives with interesting biological profiles. Laboratories first targeted this class for its remarkable backbone, hoping fluorine atoms could shift pharmacological effects or tweak stability. The rush to synthesize variants started with early antipsychotic research, where folks tried piling up structural analogs to see what stuck. Researchers went beyond the old formulas, exploring fluorinated rings to battle oxidative degradation and improve therapeutic outcomes. You can see echoes of those midcentury efforts in today’s pharmaceutical screening and chemical library work. Development of this compound tracks with advances in halogenation techniques and bold trial-and-error synthesis, all carried out with the nagging optimism that a tweak here or there would open something big.

Product Overview

This fluorinated thiepin draws interest as a research chemical, intermediary, and potential pharmaceutical building block. Its two fluorine atoms on the aromatic rings distinguish it from its older cousins, offering up new binding properties and physicochemical profiles. Most suppliers target labs working at the intersection of medicinal chemistry and material science. The backbone supports a wide range of functionalizations, which makes it a favorite for those who want to tack on pharmacophores or shift the electronic profile of ligands. Buyers look for high purity — often at least 98% — as side products complicate downstream applications, clog up reactions, and trip alarms in sensitive instrumentation.

Physical & Chemical Properties

7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol crystallizes into a white to off-white powder at room temperature, and carries a faint aromatic odor that blends familiarity with a hint of sulfur. The fluorine atoms stiffen the ring, boost chemical stability, and dial up resistance to metabolic breakdown. One thing that surprised me early on: the melting point, generally above 150°C, rules out certain solvent purification tricks and sometimes nudged us toward column chromatography for cleanup. Solubility runs reasonably well in organic solvents like DMSO, DMF, and to a lesser degree, ethanol. Water solubility stays low, a common trade-off for aromatic systems with limited polar handles. The compound resists oxidation and hydrolysis under neutral and mildly acidic/basic conditions.

Technical Specifications & Labeling

Suppliers ship this compound in sealed, amber vials to block UV breakdown, with detailed certificates listing batch number, synthesis date, purity, HPLC trace, and storage guidance. The label usually includes a gross weight and net content, essential for confirming actual receipts against order sheets. Analytical data typically print out in the documentation packet: NMR, IR, and sometimes high-res mass spectrometry readings, so chemists can trace molecular integrity even after long storage cycles. Everything stands coded with CAS registry numbers and hazard category warnings, pushed by increased regulatory scrutiny, especially when shipping internationally.

Preparation Method

Many labs start by building up the dibenzo[b,e]thiepin skeleton through classical cyclization of aromatic precursors, then introduce the fluorine atoms with selective halogenation, often via electrophilic fluorination. Once the thiepin core is in place, they oxidize or reduce as needed to drop the hydroxy group at the 11-position. I’ve seen protocols that use protecting groups to steer chemoselectivity, but these extra steps bring yield penalties and more waste to manage. Reaction conditions demand dry, inert atmospheres, sometimes in gloveboxes, to dodge moisture and prevent sluggish conversions. Scaling up calls for stainless steel vessels to withstand acidic or oxidative fluorinating agents, and process chemists spend plenty of their hours cleaning up side reactions, especially ring substitutions and polysubstitution byproducts.

Chemical Reactions & Modifications

The structure invites a range of modifications. The aromatic rings can capture more substituents by electrophilic aromatic substitution, as long as the electron density holds up. The hydroxy handle at the 11-position becomes a target for etherification, esterification, or conversion to leaving groups for nucleophilic displacement. In practice, some chemists swap it with amines to build up larger, more interactive pharmacophores favored in drug discovery. The fluorines lock down metabolic soft spots, but also draw interest for influencing halogen bonding or electronic tuning in crystal engineering. I’ve heard of projects where this kind of framework seeded research into allosteric modulators, and my own group once ran a series of Suzuki couplings off a brominated analog to test new biaryl linkages.

Synonyms & Product Names

Search databases and you’ll find this compound under a tangle of names, reflecting the piecemeal way nomenclature emerges. Aside from 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol, expect to encounter labels like difluorothiepinol, bis-fluorodibenzothiepinol, and sometimes coded by internal company tags when distributed for preclinical contracts. This variation brings headaches in data tracking and requires careful cross-referencing of synonyms, especially for those validating literature findings or sourcing globally from smaller labs and custom synthesis shops.

Safety & Operational Standards

Safety around fluorinated aromatics draws on well-established protocols, since some intermediates or residues can act as skin irritants or mild sensitizers. Lab staff don nitrile gloves, splash goggles, and work behind chemical hoods, scrubbing down surfaces after weighing out samples. Waste must route to fluorinated-organic streams, not the general drain, due to tough biodegradation and risk of environmental persistence. MSDS documentation underscores respiratory protection if dust gets airborne. Storage at 2-8°C, shielded from light, preserves both chemical cleanliness and reduces decomposition rate. Most of the time, local regulations now require documented risk assessments before even cracking open shipping vials in the main lab.

Application Area

The biggest pull comes from medicinal research, as fluorinated thiepin derivatives have a history in central nervous system drug discovery. Labs dig into structure-activity relationships by modifying the hydroxy and fluorine locations, trying to untangle which tweaks drive receptor affinity or selectivity in antipsychotic and antihistaminic candidates. Beyond pharma, people also use this backbone as a template in material science, such as crafting optoelectronic intermediates or for exploring halogen-driven self-assembly. Some research programs leverage the compound’s stability for long-term metabolic studies, counting on the fluorines to keep things steady even under cytochrome P450 exposure. In my own experience, the compound slid into a screening library, flagged by software searching for “drug-like” properties and halogen content, which drove a mini-sprint of SAR assays in both academic and start-up tunnels.

Research & Development

Interest in thiepin derivatives crisscrosses medicinal chemistry, material design, and analytical method development. Recent years have seen computational chemistry teams running docking studies to see if the additional fluorines disrupt or enhance predicted binding motifs compared to non-fluorinated standards. Some start-ups invest in proprietary modifications for patent filings, often swapping the hydroxy group for new amide or urea linkers. Tech transfer offices spend time cataloguing these tweaks for licensing, hoping to bag larger grants or attract industrial partners. Analytical teams, including my own, have driven development of new chromatographic methods to separate analogs and find impurities; it’s not unusual for HPLC run times to drag out thanks to stubborn co-eluting side products.

Toxicity Research

Assessing toxicity for any fluorinated aromatic means collecting both in vitro and in vivo data. For this compound, early screens show low acute toxicity in cell models, which lines up with established SAR for related thiepin scaffolds. Still, the fluorine atoms can sometimes ramp up bioaccumulation or impact environmental breakdown, so genotoxicity and extended metabolic profiling form a required layer before considering animal studies. Regulatory agencies keep a close eye on both the parent compound and any degradation products, hunting for unpredictable metabolites. In academic settings, we often collaborate with partner labs equipped to run battery screens for mutagenicity, eyeing subtle effects that could otherwise slip through early-stage assays.

Future Prospects

Continued research will likely spin out more derivatives, each tweaked to probe neural receptor profiles or undergo different metabolic fates. The backbone offers promise for targeted drug delivery vectors or as a platform for imaging probes, given fluorine’s role in PET tracer chemistry. Green chemistry pushes could see new synthetic pathways that avoid harsh fluorinating reagents, slicing down waste and side products. With machine learning creeping in, expect computational predictions to guide which thiepin modifications might deliver clinical or material breakthroughs, saving both money and time during lead optimization. The puzzle of metabolic stability, reactivity, and function hasn’t finished unfolding, and as new analytical techniques climb in sensitivity, even minor analogs may claim their own application space in years ahead.



What is 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol used for?

A Look at 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol

Some chemical compounds turn up in research papers and pharmaceutical lineups, and it’s fair to wonder why they matter. 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol shows up mostly as an intermediate in the synthesis of drugs. In my work following mental health advancements, I’ve seen its core structure linked with medications targeting central nervous system disorders.

This particular compound belongs to a broader family known for its influence on brain chemistry. Many antipsychotic and antidepressant medications use molecules shaped like dibenzothiepins. Fluorination at specific spots changes how the final drug interacts with our biology—sometimes increasing strength, sometimes stretching out how long a medicine lasts in the body. Medicinal chemists watch these modifications closely, balancing safety and effectiveness.

Why Fluorinated Compounds Draw Attention

Drug discovery draws me in because of stories like this. Adding fluorine to a molecule isn’t a random move. It can make a difference in how a drug resists breakdown inside us. Imagine creating a medication that stays active long enough to really do its job, but clears out soon after. That kind of control builds around tweaks like placing fluorines at just the right spots.

With 7,8-difluoro compounds, pharmaceutical research finds new ways to help people struggling with conditions like schizophrenia and depression. Medications that start life from intermediates such as 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol can give new hope to patients who haven’t responded well to older drugs. Inventors often patent these molecules not because they plan to sell them directly, but because they see a path to new treatments.

Safety, Transparency, and the Need for Better Therapies

Every day someone needs a medicine that works just a bit differently. Drug-resistant depression, for example, pushes researchers to try fresh ideas. Chemical intermediates might sound abstract, but their role roots in something fundamental—the search for more options. As a science writer, I have talked with clinicians frustrated by limited choices, especially when patients don’t respond or face tough side effects.

Safety hangs over every innovation. Before a new drug molecule even gets to clinical trials, researchers run a gauntlet of tests to confirm it won’t trigger worse problems than it solves. The time and investment stretch years, sometimes decades.

Challenges in Access and Awareness

One obstacle comes from the very novelty of these molecules. Even in 2024, not everyone who needs innovative psychiatric drugs can get them. Regulatory authorities move carefully, as they should, but patients waiting for breakthroughs feel that delay. Insurance coverage and cost present more hurdles. When a promising medicine finally emerges, high prices can block the door for many families.

If society wants better mental health outcomes, supporting this early-stage research matters. More funding means scientists can explore a broader range of options and avoid dead ends. Greater transparency from pharmaceutical companies—about what these research chemicals could deliver, and about setbacks—keeps the public trust.

Looking Forward

I’ve watched excitement in the lab lead to new hope in hospital clinics. Tiny changes in a molecular formula spark major progress in medicine. 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol might never become a household word, but the discoveries flowing from it could mean less suffering and more second chances for people living with complicated conditions. Real momentum grows every time a new compound opens another path for researchers, doctors, and patients.

What is the molecular formula of 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol?

Looking at the Formula: More Than Just Numbers

Chemistry works like a puzzle. Sometimes the pieces don’t fit until you’ve spent enough time with the pieces in your hand. Staring at "7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol," the first instinct is to break the name into smaller chunks and hunt for hidden clues. Most drug designers, and a fair number of biochemists, use this kind of systematic approach because so much of progress in biochemistry depends on understanding at a structural level.

The molecular formula matters for more than textbooks or scientific databases. It reaches into practical areas—like drug synthesis, analytical testing, and environmental safety. Dibenzo-thiepins have long attracted attention in medicinal chemistry circles. They appear in drugs used for everything from allergies to schizophrenia. In my own academic circles, more than a few colleagues have spent months tweaking small pieces of these molecules, just swapping out a fluorine here, a hydroxyl there, and watching a drug’s effectiveness change overnight.

Breaking Down the Structure

So, how to pin down the actual molecular formula for 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol?

  • The “dibenzo” part gives two benzene rings.
  • “Thiepin” points to seven-membered ring with a sulfur atom.
  • “7,8-Difluoro” indicates two fluorines are located on the benzene rings at the 7 and 8 positions.
  • “11-ol” sticks a hydroxyl group at position 11 on the molecule.
  • “6,11-dihydro” tells us two hydrogens are added—reducing double bonds at positions 6 and 11 compared to a fully aromatic system.

Sketching that on paper, then counting—carbon, hydrogen, fluorine, sulfur, oxygen—leads to the formula: C14H10F2OS. That’s 14 carbons, 10 hydrogens, 2 fluorines, 1 oxygen, and 1 sulfur. It’s remarkable how much complexity comes down to just a handful of atoms pieced together in the right way.

Why Formula Accuracy Matters in Chemistry

A lot can go right—or spectacularly wrong—if that formula gets misreported. The wrong molecular weight might trick a mass spectrometer operator into discarding their real result. Regulatory filings live or die on details like this. In labs, I’ve seen entire batches of a promising new compound tossed out when quality control discovered a stray fluorine or an unexpected sulfur atom. The stakes go up for any drug manufacturer, since off-by-one on a molecular formula turns quality control into damage control. Take antifungal or antipsychotic medicines, both often built on dibenzo-thiepin skeletons. One methyl group, one missing fluorine, creates the difference between therapy and toxicity. FDA submissions rely on these numbers—lives hinge on accuracy.

Challenges Along the Way

Getting the molecular formula isn’t always straightforward. The raw data from NMR or mass spectrometry never volunteers the answer; scientists draw on training, yes, but also on unglamorous experience from failed syntheses and unexpected results. Computer modeling speeds up the process, but mistakes still slip through, especially in crowded, underfunded labs. It takes discipline and constant review. Peer review, lab audits, cross-checking spectra—all these keep human error from creeping into the process.

Building Toward Safer, Smarter Science

Nobody gets everything right the first pass. Chemistry is iteration, verification, and learning from the last misstep. Open communication with colleagues, transparent reporting, and a willingness to revisit data all matter. Researchers would save countless hours—and money—by confirming chemical structure and molecular formula early in a project. Ensuring accurate data upfront means smoother sailings later, when regulatory questions or patient safety concerns come up. The humble molecular formula forms the bedrock for innovation, safety, and good science in the ever-changing landscape of pharmaceutical chemistry.

Is 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol hazardous or toxic?

Looking at the Science

Chemistry textbooks rarely spotlight compounds like 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol, but maybe they should, given the curiosity about its safety. For folks who deal with chemicals at work or even study them, knowing what touches your skin or floats invisibly in the air matters. Every day, lab workers ask the same simple question: will this chemical harm me? The truth comes down to real evidence, policy, and knowing where to look.

Digging Through the Data

When diving into hazard data, a few familiar rules show up quickly. You look for material safety data sheets (MSDS), research publications, or regulatory agency reviews. In the case of 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol, open-access toxicology resources offer only a handful of clues. The structure suggests it belongs to thiepin derivatives, a family known for both pharmacological promise and, in some cases, notable side effects. Researchers document central nervous system impacts for certain thiepin compounds, while others show little activity. When the fluorine atoms tag along on the molecule, it often boosts lipophilicity, ushering the compound deeper into biological tissues. Fluorination has a reputation in medicinal chemistry—it can extend a chemical's half-life or alter its toxicity profile, not always predictably.

Real-World Exposure

Many don't realize that working with new or rare compounds means flying blind compared to better-known chemicals. Thiepins once made headlines for psychiatric treatments until adverse reactions, like sedation or liver toxicity, forced doctors to rethink their use. Just because cousins of this compound have side effects, though, does not guarantee this one will pack the same punch. My own work in the academic lab taught me this: you have to take special care with the unknowns. Gloves, glasses, and a fume hood became my daily ritual. Experienced chemists never trust a pretty chemical structure, especially once fluorine comes into play. A tiny molecule can carry large hazards, sometimes after repeated low-level exposures that don’t show up right away.

Calls for Transparency and Testing

Right now, the best way forward would be clear: testing. Say you manage an industrial site using 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol on short notice. Reaching for a clear and accurate MSDS can make the difference between safety and disaster. Universities, chemical suppliers, and manufacturers share the responsibility to develop reliable hazard and risk data. If animal or cellular toxicity studies don’t exist, then they should: that’s the only route to answers grounded in real outcomes, not guesses.

Practical Steps

Since comprehensive data hardly exists, anyone using this chemical should stick to the basics. Work in a well-ventilated lab. Avoid skin and eye contact. Don’t eat, drink, or smoke nearby. Report any symptoms if exposed, even if minor. Those old rules about “an abundance of caution” truly pay off here. Laboratories, research institutions, and companies should run their own initial toxicity screens if outside data hasn’t caught up yet.

The Path Forward

Concern over 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol’s risk is warranted, especially given the lack of published human or animal safety findings. Responsible science means both sharing what little we know and demanding careful attention until more evidence fills in the blanks. Good practice doesn’t wait for a warning sign or a front-page accident. It starts with careful respect for what we haven’t learned yet.

How should 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol be stored?

Understanding Chemical Stability

7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol isn’t the kind of compound you stash on any old shelf. Years in university labs have shown me that a carelessly stored reagent leads to headaches for everyone—degraded products, unreliable results, and even dangerous exposures. Many diaryl thiepins, like this one, can degrade under light or heat, changing their chemistry long before they reach your experiment.

Protecting Against Light and Heat

Direct sun streaming through lab windows or those old fluorescent bulbs can prompt some molecules to break down. Solid samples ought to rest in amber glass bottles, which block most UV and visible light. Even a bit of exposure can kickstart reactions you definitely don’t want. Most storage rooms run at room temperature or cooler for a reason—a lower temperature slows chemical transformations. A fridge set to 2–8 °C works for compounds that might decompose in summer heat.

Don’t Ignore Air and Moisture

Where I worked, we used to lose batches to air moisture. Some molecules grab onto water vapor and turn into a mushy mess or oxidize in air. Tight caps mean everything. Screw threads should seal well, and for maximum safety, a layer of parafilm gives a backup against leaks.

Avoiding Cross-Contamination

Take it from countless runs mixing trace contaminants—never return a scoop of powder to the original bottle. It’s tempting to tip unused chemical back in, but residues from tools, or even a microscopic droplet from another solution, can react over weeks or months. Use clean, dry spatulas and only take what you need for that session.

Labels and Inventory Matter

Nothing sours a lab like a mix-up from a poorly labeled jar. Label every container with the compound’s name, the date it was opened, and the lot number. Rotate stocks, using older material first. Digital inventories save time, but a physical check now and then picks up leaks, expired materials, or dusty bottles set aside and forgotten.

Considering Safety and Regulations

Every region has rules for chemical storage. Local fire codes might restrict how much of certain chemicals belong outside flammable storage cabinets. Safety Data Sheets for compounds like 7,8-difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol outline recommended storage conditions, hazard ratings, and what to do in a spill. If you ever doubt, look at the SDS before restocking shelves.

Respect For Chemistry, Respect For Colleagues

I’ve watched accidents in labs that traced right back to a careless storage decision. Unlabeled jars, caps left loose, chemicals piled with incompatible neighbors—habits like these put everyone at risk. It only takes a quick look to spot expired or degraded materials. Regular housekeeping, weekly cleaning of storage areas, and a clear protocol can stop small mistakes from growing into major problems.

Improving Chemical Storage Going Forward

Any lab or storeroom can improve. Assigning responsibility for monitoring chemical stock and keeping a simple log prevents confusion. Training newcomers—everyone learns the basics of safe storage on day one—means good habits stick. Safety scales from the tiny bench to industrial shelves, if everyone pays attention. No one wants a ruined experiment or a hazardous incident caused by overlooking good storage practices.

Where can I buy 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol?

A Niche Compound with Significant Gatekeepers

Sourcing highly specialized chemicals like 7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzothiepin-11-ol isn’t like grabbing aspirin from the local pharmacy shelf. Chemical intermediates, especially ones related to dibenzothiepins, raise red flags for regulators and suppliers. Reasons go beyond safety. Chemical controls exist because specialty compounds sometimes find their way into research labs with limited oversight or fringe pharmacological projects. Researchers today often run into slow-moving approval processes, and their requests for something as obscure as this compound often bring more scrutiny than speed.

Why So Hard to Find?

Only a handful of trusted chemical suppliers carry such specialized building blocks. Even then, prerequisites can stack up. Suppliers will check whether the buyer represents a registered business, requires a legitimate end-use statement, and provides documentation for legal and ethical use. Vendors like Alfa Aesar, Sigma Aldrich, and TCI might list related chemicals but often these compounds are made to order. That means lead times stretch out and prices climb, sometimes astronomically. Each supplier wants to manage risk — reputational, legal, and safety concerns weigh heavy, especially after past incidents involving controlled precursors.

Research Can’t Cut Corners

Nobody wants shortcuts when dealing with specialized chemicals. Most folks with experience in chemistry respect the layers of compliance. I remember the hurdles for even simple fluorinated thiophene derivatives during my grad school days. Every chemical order triggered identity checks, sometimes phone calls with procurement to confirm why we needed the compound. These procedures drag, but the reality is clear: research communities and their suppliers carry responsibility for stopping misuse right at the ordering stage.

Building Good Supplier Relationships

Serious researchers know how far good documentation goes. Establishing trust with a reputable supplier often means providing project details, proof of institutional affiliation, and agreeing to audits or follow-up requests. Demonstrating strong storage protocols helps too, since many fluorinated organosulfur compounds are hazardous in the wrong hands or physical conditions.

Global Sourcing Is Not a Loophole

Turning to less-known suppliers outside North America or Europe brings even more risk. I’ve seen people burned by fly-by-night firms promising low prices on rare chemicals — payments sent, formulas never shipped. Worse, poorly made or mislabeled materials leave labs open to contamination, regulatory investigation, and in rare cases, halted projects.

What Works: Community and Communication

Experienced labs lean on each other for advice about sourcing. Community forums, university chemistry societies, and professional networks help flag reliable suppliers and warn against dead ends. Some university purchasing departments offer dedicated teams for hazardous or controlled chemicals, speeding up compliance and vetting. Open communication with the supplier’s technical team also pays off when substitutions or custom syntheses are necessary.

Strengthening Oversight Without Killing Innovation

Striking a balance between oversight and innovation remains tough. Demand for specialty chemicals keeps rising along with synthetic biology, medicinal chemistry, and materials science work. Solutions should streamline risk management: trusted registries for vetted researchers, rapid digital approval tools, and standardized end-use documentation. These steps won’t erase complexity but honest, open, and documented research practices support both safety and scientific progress.

7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol
7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol
7,8-Difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-ol