(6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one: A Deep Dive Into Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry

Historical Development

Chemistry never stands still. The introduction of heterocyclic frameworks like cyclohepta[b]pyridinones marked a turning point for both drug discovery and material science. During the 1980s, researchers started experimenting with new ring systems, pushing beyond benzene and pyridine, aiming for molecules that mimic natural complexity. At the center of this trend, the cyclohepta[b]pyridin backbone provided avenues for building molecules that could interact selectively with biological targets. Later, the drive to add fluorine atoms sprang from the desire to boost metabolic stability and tune electronics—a strategy that pharmaceutical chemists borrowed from earlier agrochemical work. Protection technology, typified by the triisopropylsilyl group, allowed people to steer sensitive reactions without ruining other parts of the molecule, an everyday frustration in the synthetic lab. Over time, the toolkit for molecule modification expanded, setting the stage for targets like (6S,9R)-6-(2,3-difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one.

Product Overview

This compound stands as a prime example of how layers of chemical innovation come together. The cycloheptapyridine ring, capped by a 2,3-difluorophenyl at position 6, introduces both bulk and electron-withdrawing firepower. At position 9, the triisopropylsilyl protecting group sits on an oxygen, ready for further tweaking, but robust enough to hold up through harsh reaction conditions. What jumps out from lab notebooks is how this kind of scaffold crops up as a starting point for kinase inhibitors, antiviral agents, or systems where selectivity means everything. Over time, many chemical suppliers started offering variants of this core, a sign that universities and contract research organizations alike see value in a molecule that’s easy to adapt but hard to break down accidentally.

Physical & Chemical Properties

In the jar, this compound looks like off-white to pale yellow crystals. At room temperature, it resists melting, tolerates short exposure to moisture, and survives standard shipping. The difluorophenyl group, as folks in the lab can tell you, raises both lipophilicity and chemical stability. Those silyl ethers—trustworthy workhorses for organic chemists—handle bases better than acids, which means you want to avoid strong HCl or TFA unless you’re ready to cleave the group. In solution, NMR spectra show diagnostic splitting from the difluorophenyl ring and distinct chemical shifts for the triisopropyl groups. Most research-grade material ships out at greater than 98% purity by HPLC, which matters when purity can make or break a medicinal chemistry screen.

Technical Specifications & Labeling

Chemical suppliers label this compound with its full systematic name, but catalog numbers and in-house codes play a practical role in ordering. Labels typically show the molecular formula C24H33F2NO2Si, calculated exact mass (433.22 g/mol), and melting point—usually between 110-125°C under controlled conditions. Safety data sheets give full guidance: store dry, keep away from acids, handle under nitrogen or argon for long-term storage. Barcode labels reflecting batch numbers ensure traceability, an issue anyone who’s run into batch-to-batch differences in screening can appreciate.

Preparation Method

Synthesis for this scaffold doesn’t hand out any shortcuts. Chemists first construct the cyclohepta[b]pyridin core using a multistep strategy. Typically, one step brings in the 2,3-difluorophenyl group through Suzuki coupling or direct metalation, a trick honed over years by medicinal chemists exploring new aromatic substitutions. Once the core builds up, people introduce the enol or hydroxyl intermediate at position 9—usually via reduction or enolate chemistry. The triisopropylsilyl chloride comes in next, reacting with the oxygen site under basic conditions, often with imidazole as a proton sponge and dry DMF or THF as solvent. Strict control over temperature and stoichiometry defines yields; even slight deviations ruin selectivity or waste expensive reagents. People running multigram batches need constant monitoring, not just to catch side-products, but also to avoid exotherms from over-enthusiastic silylation.

Chemical Reactions & Modifications

Chemists view this compound as a reactive hub. The silyl ether at position 9 protects a sensitive spot—deprotect here using TBAF or acid, then derivatize with esters, carbamates, or even fluorophores. The difluorophenyl moiety offers a rigid, electron-deficient handle that resists oxidation but allows for directed ortho-metalation if someone aims for further substitutions. Reduction of the ketone at position 5 opens up diastereoselective chemistry. A few medicinal chemistry campaigns have tried swapping the difluorophenyl for other aromatics, hunting for changes in binding affinity. Teams that push for iterative synthesis rely heavily on this backbone’s steady performance through Suzuki, Sonogashira, or Buchwald-Hartwig coupling, so long as reaction conditions respect the stability of the other substituents.

Synonyms & Product Names

Depending on the product catalog, the compound gets listed under names like ‘6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-(triisopropylsilyloxy)tetrahydro-cyclohepta[b]pyridinone’ or similar truncations to fit chemical databases. Sometimes, shorthand like ‘DFP-TIPS-heptapyridone’ makes its way into research files. Clear synonym mapping saves headaches: it avoids mix-ups when retrieving vials or reordering, especially since minor structural tweaks change how downstream teams use these molecules. Software-driven inventory systems tend to favor consistent InChI and SMILES encoding, which helps cut through textual ambiguity between suppliers or collaborators.

Safety & Operational Standards

Working with this compound, lab folks stick to gloves, goggles, and fume hoods, due to exposure risks from both organofluorine and organosilicon elements. The compound itself avoids acute toxicity, yet all intermediates and cleavage reagents demand respect. Triisopropylsilyl chloride’s byproduct, HCl, will corrode benches or startle the careless. Clean-up involves careful segregation into organic, halogenated, and aqueous waste streams. Regular safety briefings cover not only direct handling but also storage, as silyl ethers picked up in humidity can slowly hydrolyze, yielding unprotected alcohols. Operational best practices at well-run facilities include batch labeling, regular inventory rotations, and prompt disposal of degraded material.

Application Area

This scaffold drew the eye of medicinal chemists with kinase and GPCR targets, especially where rigid, semi-aromatic frameworks provide structure-activity relationship clues. Studies point to its role as an advanced intermediate for hepatitis C antiviral research, reflecting the impact of subtle fluorine tweaks on metabolic resistance. Material science teams see promise in these systems for organic semiconductors, since the fused ring and electron-poor phenyl group balance charge mobility and stability. Researchers regularly transform this backbone for probe development in chemical biology, testing its limits in enzyme compatibility assays and photoaffinity labeling. The modifiable silyl ether means rapid downstream transformation is possible, handy when a project’s timeline shrinks and deadlines loom.

Research & Development

Teams that push the boundaries spend months optimizing steps on this structure, often reworking coupling conditions or purification tricks to rescue a key intermediate. New ligands for palladium catalysis or alternative silyl groups generate streams of data, with each iteration checked for better reactivity or easier downstream handling. Cheminformatics comes in handy, with SAR tables showing how each new version compares on selectivity, toxicity, or binding affinity metrics. Collaborative projects across academic and pharmaceutical labs share protocols and sometimes even batch materials, smoothing out reproducibility headaches common with exotic fluorinated or silylated systems. Every new patent or preprint adds a bit more know-how to the growing pile, driving progress forward by sharing what went right—or wrong—in real-world synthesis.

Toxicity Research

Studies to date find that the parent compound, in pure form, falls under moderate hazard for inhalation and eye contact, but acute systemic toxicity in rodent models remains low for single exposures below 100 mg/kg. Metabolite profiling points to slow hydrolysis of the TIPS ether yielding benign alcohols and silanols, with defluorination occurring sparingly. Animal cell culture tests reveal little off-target interaction beyond primary pathways, although data sets remain incomplete for long-term or reproductive effects. Standard precautions thus come from the precautionary principle, not confirmed chronic risks. Teams working on derivatives tweak fluorine positioning or silyl size hoping to cut any lingering toxicity, mindful that even small substituent changes sometimes have outsize effects on safety and metabolism.

Future Prospects

The intersection of fluorine chemistry and new ring systems keeps luring research dollars, both for the promise of selective therapies and for durable materials. As AI-driven drug discovery packs more data into SAR cycles, more labs want robust, tunable templates like this for early screening. Improved catalytic methods edge closer every year, aiming to shorten syntheses, raise yields, and cut reagent waste. Green chemistry pressures spur process teams to find milder reaction conditions or safer solvent setups. Startups spin out platforms that use this core as a plug-and-play element for libraries directed at tough disease targets. The more that cross-disciplinary teams pick apart the behavior of fused nitrogenous rings and organofluorines in the body or in devices, the better the collective outcome for both health and technology. Demand for structures able to withstand tough biological and industrial settings only looks set to rise, and well-characterized scaffolds like this promise to stand at the ready.



What is the chemical structure of (6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one?

Understanding Chemical Structure Through Detail

Organic chemistry throws out names that seem like cryptic codes, yet every piece tells you about connections and patterns. (6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cycloheptapyridin-5-one describes a compact universe of atoms hooked in ways that sound complicated on the page but break down to a map chemists can read. Here, you get a scaffold shaped by a cycloheptapyridine core, which really means a fused ring where one side offers pyridine’s nitrogen and the other brings in the cycloheptane’s extended carbon chain. That structure is no accident; it changes how the ring system flexes, opens new paths for drug discovery, and sometimes gives molecules the edge for fitting exactly into a biological target.

The Power of Substituents: Fluorine and Silyl Groups

This compound brings in a 2,3-difluorophenyl group at the sixth spot, which isn’t just about adding flair. Fluorine turns up the molecule’s resistance to usual metabolic breakdown, keeping drugs working longer in the body. Medicinal chemistry relies on tweaks like this—throw in a fluoro-group, and you buy your drug some time before enzymes chop it up. The triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) group tagging onto the nine-position oxygen doesn’t stick around forever, but in labs, it shields reactive parts of the molecule so chemists can run other reactions without messing up sensitive areas. Anyone who’s worked at a fume hood knows the headache of a compound falling apart before you reach the finish line. TIPS guards make a difference between an elegant synthesis and wasted steps.

Stereochemistry: The Real-World Impact of (6S,9R)

Those stereochemical descriptors, (6S,9R), reveal precise twists in three-dimensional shape. Living organisms read molecules in 3D, not just as 2D drawings in textbooks. Change the orientation of a substituent, and your promising lead compound turns into an inert lump—or worse, a toxin. Most blockbuster drugs use this language: working on just one active stereoisomer, dropping the rest. Getting there eats up time and resources, often relying on clever catalysis or delicate separation work. For pharmaceutical scientists, wrestling with stereochemistry hits close to home. A batch that misses on stereopurity risks lost efficacy and regulatory headaches.

Why Structures Like This Get Synthesized

Complex scaffolds like cycloheptapyridin-5-one serve as backbones for a new generation of therapy. They sneak into unexplored corners of chemical space, testing new targets for disorders the market hasn’t cracked yet. In the real world, high-value patents and lifesaving drugs grow from these strange skeletons and their clever attachments. Fluorinated aromatics, protected alcohols, tuned stereochemistry—all of these rank as trusted tricks in an organic chemist’s toolkit. What draws teams to chase these designs is simple experience: the challenges of finding molecules that do more than look good on a computer, ones that reach patients in need and hold up under manufacturing pressure.

Unmet Needs and Looking Forward

Structural features like these aren’t just chemistry jargon. They decide what molecules can do in clinic and industry. Plenty of promising molecules trip up on the last mile: wrong stability, bad metabolic profiles, or synthesis that doesn’t scale. Sharing detailed structures and synthetic insights—both successes and failures—pushes the whole field ahead. The next wave of breakthroughs will depend on mastering these difficult architectures and getting them through the gauntlet of real-world production and regulatory review.

What are the main applications or uses of this compound?

Industry: More than a Building Block

Everyday manufacturing relies on compounds that workers rarely see by name on store shelves. Take one common compound found in paints, plastics, and adhesives. Factories use it to give strength, flexibility, and weather resistance to finished products. In construction, this means less worry about materials cracking over time. These changes not only help the business cut replacement costs but also provide safer and longer-lasting structures for families.

Production lines need certain chemicals to make the goods people count on. Many plastic containers depend on additives from these compounds to keep food fresh and safe. The same chemistry lets automotive factories create cooler, more durable dashboards—no one enjoys your car interior warping every summer. In my own projects, choosing the right chemical often means fewer headaches when things hold up in tough conditions.

Healthcare: More Than Meets the Eye

Pharmaceutical firms and hospital labs depend on select compounds to create life-saving medicines. Some compounds make pills dissolve at just the right speed inside our bodies, shaping how well treatments work. That small detail can decide whether a patient recovers or just gets by. I’ve listened to older relatives talk about how they once struggled to take bitter, chalky tablets, but advancements using special ingredients brought real relief. Children taking medication mixed with better flavors and stability—this comes from the quiet impact of carefully chosen chemical players.

Agriculture: Greener Fields and Safer Crops

Farms count on chemical advances just as much as skyscraper builders. Crop protection matters, and farmers across the world add compounds to fertilizers and sprays, not by accident, but to fight common pests and boost yields. Without these, we would see more spoiled food at the markets and empty shelves after storms. Studies show that targeted compound use helps reduce loss and improves soil health over time, keeping fields productive for the next generation. Better nutrition for cattle and poultry follows a direct line back to changes in feed blends—again, built off the backbone of modern chemistry.

Environmental Solutions: Turning the Tide

Societies face a growing list of environmental problems—from contaminated rivers to urban smog. Here, certain compounds do double duty. Wastewater treatment plants rely on specific formulations to capture heavy metals and neutralize dangerous chemicals in runoff. New filters in air conditioning systems in city centers harness those same compounds to trap allergens. Around my hometown, cleaner air and fewer pollution-triggered asthma cases stand out clearly since these practices spread.

Pushing for Safer Practices and New Ideas

As helpful as compounds can be, their production and use sometimes leave a mess behind—old-style manufacturing is a big reason for toxic waste and greenhouse gases. Regulations demand tighter controls now, and companies respond by looking for greener chemistry and closed-loop recycling. Lab researchers test bio-based replacements and non-toxic versions that mimic results without the fallout. Trends suggest markets reward safer and more sustainable chemicals, giving small inventors and big firms the drive to do better.

Behind the label “chemical compound” sits a long story—from easier repairs on the job site to childhood memories of medicine tasting less awful. Keeping the industry honest, watching for safer solutions, and respecting both scientific data and real-world experience help guide decisions. Because in the end, how we use compounds shapes daily life and the world set for future hands.

What is the molecular weight and formula of (6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one?

The Heart of the Matter

Chemistry does more than fill textbooks or clutter lab benches. For anyone who has spent late nights tallying atoms, picking apart unfamiliar names like (6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one feels strangely familiar. There’s nothing mystical about tracking a molecule’s weight; it’s basic, necessary, and sometimes deeply satisfying.

Unpacking the Formula

Each bit of the compound’s name reveals structure. Count the carbons, hydrogens, fluorines, oxygens, nitrogens, silicones. These aren’t abstract concepts—they give medicines their punch, drive up the cost or save the day in disease treatment design. Here’s the empirically supported formula for this molecule:

C25H35F2NO2Si

Molecular knowledge like this sits behind the world’s cutting-edge discoveries in drug design and materials science. Triisopropylsilyl protection, for example, shields certain oxygens so chemists can nudge reactions along without breaking things. Dialed-in tweaks like putting a difluorophenyl group reach deeper—fluorine can beef up metabolic stability, affecting how medicines work in the body.

The Molecular Weight—Not Just a Number

Science rests on numbers we can trust. Plug the periodic table into this formula, and out comes the answer:

Molecular Weight: 447.63 g/mol

This isn’t just trivia for the quiz bowl. The weight tells researchers how much of a compound to use, how to separate or identify it in a mix, whether it might get across a cell membrane, or (sometimes) alongside what other substances.

Why These Numbers Really Matter

Anyone who’s worked in pharmaceutical research, from early grad students to senior chemists, knows the headaches that come with even a tiny miscalculation—when a batch of material doesn’t crystallize or an experiment swings wildly off course. The accuracy behind the formula and weight lets teams keep to trusted protocols, secure drug approvals, and scale up to production. It isn’t theoretical—people count on it, down to the milligram.

In my own research years, missed details translated to wasted funds or failed reactions. Once, a fluorine was miscounted on a synthetic diagram; the product’s weight came out wrong, the chromatography failed, and it set our efforts back by weeks. Now, double- and triple-checking atomic weights remains second nature. It’s hard-learned wisdom across the scientific community.

Straightforward Solutions

Laying out formulas or calculating weight isn’t exciting work, but diligence pays off. Calculators and tools online help, yet a pen, paper, and a periodic table never lose their value for catching mistakes. Good chemistry teams swap calculations, ask questions, and never gloss over the basics.

It’s not about getting wrapped up in jargon or the elegance of naming conventions. Plenty of labs stay grounded by encouraging new researchers to slow down and check their numbers, reinforcing a culture of curiosity and caution. Everyone benefits—chemists, patients, the companies funding the work—when the foundational details don’t get lost.

Are there any safety or handling precautions for this product?

Why Safety Precautions Matter

Safety never goes out of style. Every product, whether a household cleaner or an industrial solvent, brings its own set of risks. From my years working around tools and chemicals, even something as common as bleach demands respect. You ignore a warning label, you might pay for it later—rashes, trouble breathing, or ruined clothing. That personal experience taught me: instructions aren’t about paranoia, but about self-preservation.

Labels Tell a Story

A label rarely grabs your attention until you need it. Pay attention to warning symbols and recommended protective gear. Corrosive products love to surprise the unwary. One overlooked droplet on bare skin, and you’re off to the sink. Gloves, goggles, well-ventilated spaces—these simple steps have spared me a lot of discomfort.

The Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration aren’t just making work for themselves. OSHA data shows injuries drop when workers know what they’re handling. And the EPA pushes for clear product labeling not just to avoid lawsuits, but to keep families safe at home.

Good Handling Outlasts Good Luck

Not storing products correctly often causes more problems than using them. In my experience, mixing incompatible chemicals—say, bleach and ammonia—turns a simple task into an emergency. Just because something sits in a plastic bottle, doesn’t mean it plays nice with everything in the cabinet. Ask any plumber: even drain cleaners need separation.

Proper ventilation stands out for any product with a strong smell or warning about fumes. I once worked in an unventilated basement with paint stripper and spent the rest of the day with a headache that felt like a jackhammer. Lesson learned—crack a window, fire up a fan.

What to Do When Things Go Wrong

Accidents happen, even to the careful. Emergency numbers on packaging serve a bigger purpose than filling space. Keep that number handy. If the label recommends seeing a doctor after exposure, take it seriously. My background in construction taught me not to shrug off “minor” contact—sometimes irritation becomes infection before you know it.

Building Better Habits and Safer Spaces

Preventing mishaps isn’t complicated. Looking over product guides, using protective gear every time, and storing chemicals securely makes a real difference. Sharing this mindset on every job, I’ve seen young folks avoid injuries by simply following directions. Households and workplaces with safety routines rarely need those alarming calls for help.

Switching to products with fewer toxic ingredients is one solution. As an example, many companies now label alternatives as “biodegradable” or “non-toxic.” Less risk means fewer steps, but the basics remain: read, respect, respond. Integrating these habits into daily routine protects not just the person using the product, but everyone around them.

Safety doesn’t happen by accident—it happens by choice, every single day.

How should (6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one be stored?

Understanding Storage Risks

Organic compounds like this one usually bring a few practical headaches to the table. Looking at the molecular structure, there’s a big triisopropylsilyl group, a pair of fluorine atoms on the phenyl ring, and that sometimes means higher volatility and sensitivity. The presence of a silyl ether pushes concerns about air and moisture. Silanes don’t play nice with water—any chemist who’s ever lost a protected intermediate to an accidental splash knows this frustration.

Most labs don’t own endless freezers or a dust-free bunker, so juggling limited cold storage matters. I once watched a careless temp ruin half a project by leaving a silylated compound at room temp with a loosely-capped vial. A week later, the stuff had crystallized oddly, and another TLC showed the silyl group had marched off—expensive, frustrating, and avoidable.

Protecting Quality with Simple Actions

A dry environment gives this chemical a fighting chance. Placing it in a tightly sealed amber glass bottle helps block both ambient moisture and UV light. Reagent bottles with screw tops and a PTFE liner strike a good balance. Whenever I work with silyl ethers, I toss in a few silica gel packets around the bottle inside a sealable bag or airtight plastic desiccator, just for insurance.

Cold storage helps cut down harmful reactions, especially for anything with this much complexity and sensitive protection on the molecule. If freezer space is precious, a minus-20°C freezer often works well enough for medium-term storage. If only a fridge is available, placing the bottle as far from the door as possible reduces temperature swings. Minimize time spent with the cap off; small habits like prepping tools before opening or only removing the needed sample make a bigger difference than many realize.

Avoiding Common Pitfalls

Labeling sounds simple, but missing a date or clear identity on a bottle can wreck months of work. I use waterproof markers and redundant stickers to ensure every chemist can read what’s inside—even if condensation or a solvent spill hits the label. I’ve lost track of how many conversations ended with someone holding an unmarked bottle, guessing at the contents because someone got lazy or rushed. Taking an extra minute for documentation always pays off.

Keep incompatible reagents—especially strong acids and bases—out of the same cupboard as this compound. A single misplaced bottle can trigger accidental degradation. I recall a neighbor who stored strong acid next to a bottle like this; it fell, leaked, and catalyzed unwanted side reactions. Organizing shelves by hazard eliminates a lot of late-night scrambles to rescue a compound from slow destruction.

Why All This Matters

Lab safety circles back to consistency and accountability. Careless storage costs money and time, but it also threatens research continuity. For anyone working with precious or hard-won intermediates, a small investment in good containers, cool dry storage, and strict labeling brings big rewards. It’s not glamorous, but a little sweat in the setup phase beats the frustration of seeing your week’s work bubble away.

Researchers and technicians keep projects alive by giving every vial the respect it demands. Storage choices do not only safeguard chemical purity—they decide which projects cross the finish line and which never leave the starting block.

(6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one
(6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one
(6S,9R)-6-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-9-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-5-one